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The successful development and application of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine fully illustrated the great potential and application prospect of mRNA technology in the field of biomedicine. Currently, many companies worldwide are developing drugs and vaccines based on mRNA technology for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. It can be foreseen that with the continuous launch of mRNA drugs, commercial GMP production capacity matching them is also urgent. The optimization of production processes, intelligent manufacturing and other risk control strategies, as well as the control of industrialization costs, will help improve the core competitiveness of mRNA innovative drug development. In view of this, this article will provide an overview of the global production process of mRNA drugs and the progress of related GMP production dynamics, sort out the key chain points of the mRNA industry chain, explore the construction of the mRNA pharmaceutical enterprise value chain and the formation of core competitiveness, and provide reference and reference for the research and development of innovative mRNA drugs and high-quality development in China.
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OBJECTIVES@#To study the molecular epidemiological characteristics of the virus in children with acute viral diarrhea in Changdu of Tibet, China.@*METHODS@#Fecal specimens were collected from 96 children with acute diarrhea who visited the People's Hospital of Changdu, Tibet, from November 2018 to November 2020 and were tested for adenovirus, norovirus, astrovirus, sapovirus, and rotavirus. Gene sequencing was performed for the genotypes of these viruses.@*RESULTS@#The overall positive rate of the five viruses was 39% (37/96), among which astrovirus had the highest positive rate of 17%, followed by norovirus (9%), rotavirus (8%), adenovirus (7%), and sapovirus (5%). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of the five viruses among different age groups (P>0.05). Only the positive rate of astrovirus was significantly different among the four seasons (P<0.05). For adenovirus, 6 children had F41 type and 1 had C2 type; for norovirus, 6 had GⅠ.3 type, 1 had GⅠ.7 type, 1 had GⅡ.3 type, and 2 had GⅡ.4 Sydney_2012 type; HAstrV-1 type was observed in all children with astrovirus infection; for sapovirus, 1 child each had sporadic GⅠ.2, GⅠ.6, and GⅡ.1 sapovirus and 2 children had unknown type; 6 children had rotavirus G9[P8].@*CONCLUSIONS@#Astrovirus and norovirus are important pathogens in children with acute diarrhea in Changdu, Tibet. The positive rate of adenovirus, norovirus, astrovirus, sapovirus, and rotavirus is not associated with age, and only the positive rate of astrovirus has obvious seasonality. F41 type is the dominant genotype of adenovirus; GⅠ.3 is the dominant genotype of norovirus; HAstrV-1 is the dominant genotype of astrovirus; sporadic GⅠ.2, GⅠ.6, and GⅡ.1 are the dominant genotypes of sapovirus; G9[P8] is the dominant genotype of rotavirus.
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Child , Humans , China , Diarrhea/epidemiology , Feces , Gastroenteritis , Tibet/epidemiology , Viruses/geneticsABSTRACT
Objective@#To analyze the influence of reproductive health education in middle school on self efficacy and intention of condom use among college freshmen, so as to provide evidence for fertility protection related intervention and policy making.@*Methods@#A questionnaire survey was conducted among college freshmen in Beijing by hierarchical cluster sampling method. A total of 3 001 students were surveyed. The difference was compared by using χ 2 test and ANOVA. Multivariate linear and Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors associated with condom use self efficacy and condom use intention.@* Results@#The overall rate that reproductive health education received before college among freshmen in Beijing was 65.11%. The college freshmen from urban areas reported more adequate reproductive health education (71.11%) than those from non urban areas before college (59.36%)( P <0.05). The total scores of UNGASS (4.22±0.90 vs 4.05±0.98), condom use self efficacy (24.64±5.34 vs 23.09±4.93) and the intention of condom use (82.44% vs 70.88%) of college freshmen received reproductive health education in middle school were higher than those of college students without pre college reproductive health education( P <0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the score of condom use self efficacy of college students received pre college reproductive health education was higher than those without pre college reproductive health education( β =1.21, 95% CI =0.79-1.63, P <0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that reproductive health, the intention of condom use of college freshmen who received pre college reproductive health education was higher than that of college freshmen without reproductive health education( OR =1.63, 95% CI =1.33-2.01, P <0.01).@*Conclusion@#Reproductive health education in middle school can improve college freshmen s self efficacy and intention of condom use, contribute to the implementation of safe sex, and is of great significance to the protection of college students fertility.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the role of protein kinase B （Akt） overexpression in the inhibition of human bladder cancer 5637 cell proliferation by erianin and related mechanisms. MethodThe 5637 cells stably over-expressing Akt were induced using the lentivirus vector. The 5637 cells infected with the empty vector were classified into blank group. Then the Akt group， empty vector combined with erianin （62.5 μg·L-1） group， and Akt combined with erianin （62.5 μg·L-1） group were set up. The cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay， and the clone formation of 5637 cells in each group was determined in the clone formation experiment. The cell cycle distribution was detected by flow cytometry. Western blot was used to assay the protein expression levels of phosphorylated （p）-Akt， Akt， p21. The glycolysis of 5637 cells was determined in glucose uptake and lactate secretion assays. ResultCompared with the blank group， erianin inhibited the proliferation of bladder cancer 5637 cells （P<0.05）. Overexpression of Akt partially reversed the inhibitory effect of erianin on the proliferation of bladder cancer 5637 cells （P<0.05）. Clone formation assay showed that erianin inhibited the clone formation of bladder cancer 5637 cells （P<0.05）， which was partially reversed by the overexpressed Akt （P<0.05）. As revealed by comparison with the blank group， erianin arrested the bladder cancer 5637 cells in G1 phase （P<0.05）， which was also reversed by the overexpressed Akt （P<0.05）. Western bolt showed that erianin promoted the expression of p21 but suppressed the expression of p-Akt and Akt （P<0.05）. By contrast， the overexpression of Akt down-regulated the elevated p21 protein expression induced by erianin （P<0.05）. Compared with the blank group， erianin inhibited the glucose uptake and lactate secretion of bladder cancer 5637 cells （P<0.05）. Overexpression of Akt weakened the inhibitory effect of erianin against the glycolysis of 5637 cells （P<0.05）. ConclusionErianin is able to inhibit the proliferation of bladder cancer 5637 cells， promote the expression of p21， and inhibit the expression of p-Akt. Overexpressed Akt reduces the inhibitory effect of erianin on the proliferation of bladder cancer 5637 cells， suggesting that Akt plays an important role in the inhibition of 5637 cell proliferation by erianin， which has provided a new target for the application of erianin in the treatment of bladder cancer.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the predictive value of newly diagnosed IgG levels in the recurrence of IgG-type multiple myeloma (MM) patients after initial treatment.@*METHODS@#The clinical and pathological data of 91 patients newly diagnosed IgG-type MM who were hospitalized in the Department of Hematology of the Second People's Hospital of Yichang and Department of Oncology of The Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University from April 2010 to March 2019 were collected. According to the median IgG level at the time of initial diagnosis, patients were divided into high IgG group and low IgG group. The recurrence time after initial treatment was followed up, and the correlation between newly diagnosed IgG level and recurrence was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis, as well as the influencing factors of IgG levels in order to predict furtherly the potential mechanism of recurrence.@*RESULTS@#Univariate survival analysis showed that high revised international staging system (R-ISS) staging, high level of bone marrow plasma cell (BMPC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine, β@*CONCLUSION@#The higher the serum IgG concentration of IgG-type MM patients at first diagnosis, the earlier the recurrence, which is related to the low level of serum albumin, and can be used as a potential recurrence predictor after complete remission of IgG-type MM patients.
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Humans , Bone Marrow , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Immunoglobulin G , Multiple Myeloma/therapy , Transplantation, AutologousABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore biomechanical characteristics of minimally invasive different screw fixations in treating Sanders typeⅡcalcaneal fractures.@*METHODS@#Dicom data of calcaneus by CT scan were input into Mimics 21.0 software and Ansys15.0 software to construct three-dimensional finite element digital model of calcaneus;this model was input into UG NX 10.0 software, and calcaneus was cut according to Sanders classification to establish Sanders typeⅡ calcaneus model with posterior articular surface collapse;then simulated minimally invasive screw internal fixation after calcaneal fracture:a screw from posterior articular surface was used to outside-in fix sustentaculum tali, other 4 screws were used to fix calcaneus by different methods through calcaneal tuberosity, and 4 different calcaneal models were obtained. Under the same conditions, 4 types of internal fixation models were loaded respectively, and nonlinear finite element analysis was performed to calculate the stress distribution of different internal fixation models.@*RESULTS@#Under the same condition of loading, the model 3 had smaller displacement value, maximum calcaneus displacement value and maximum equivalent stress value of the screw than other three internal fixation models, and the stress was more dispersed.@*CONCLUSION@#In minimally invasive screw internal fixation of calcaneus fracture, after 1 sustentaculum tali screw fixation, 2 screws crossed fix posterior articular surface from calcaneal tuberosity, 2 screws fix parallelly calcaneocuboid joint from calcaneal tuberosity are more suitable for biomechanical requirements, and could provide basic theory for clinical treatment.
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Humans , Bone Screws , Calcaneus/surgery , Finite Element Analysis , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Fractures, Bone/surgery , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
ObjectiveMiRNA can regulate the occurrence and development of many inflammatory diseases, which is one of the hot spots in the research of inflammatory diseases. Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammation, and the role of microRNA-19a in the regulation of bronchial asthma is still unclear. This paper discusses the expression changes of microRNA-19a /PI3K/AKT/PTEN pathway in rat asthma model.Methods(1) The rat model of chronic bronchial asthma was established. (2) The expression levels of AKT, p-AKT and PTEN in lung tissues were detected by western blot. (3) microRNA-19a expression in lung tissue of the model was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.Results(1) HE, MASSON, PSA and immunohistochemistry of lung tissues in the model were combined to determine the successful establishment of the model of chronic bronchial asthma. (2) Western blot results showed that the expression levels of AKT (0.434±0.012) and p-AKT (1.086±0.026) in asthma group were higher than those in control group and demi group. The decreased expression of PTEN (0.371±0.007) was statistically significant (P<0.05). (3)The expression of microRNA-19a in the lung tissues of the asthmatic rat model was significantly increased in the asthma group (6.22±1.61) and in the gedi group (1.93±0.54). Pair-comparison between the three groups was statistically significant (P<0.05).ConclusionThe microRNA-19a /PI3K/AKT/PTEN pathway may be involved in the pathophysiological process of bronchial asthma.
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Objective@#To analyze the consistency between self-reported oral health and proposed standard in evaluating children oral health status, and to test whether self-reported oral health can be used in children population.@*Methods@#The clinical examination data and questionnaire data were 2 158 children aged 12-year-old in Beijing, China. Child oral health status was measured by self-reported oral health and proposed standard from World Health Organization (WHO), and was classified into "good, general, poor" based on each method. Kappa test was used to evaluate the consistency of two measurements. Using multivariate nonordinal logistic regression to identify the influencing factors of self-reported oral health, and to explore the possible reasons for the consistency differences of two measurements.@*Results@#According to the WHO standard, 25.5%, 65.3% and 9.2% children oral health were rated as good, general and poor, respectively. The proportion was 50.6%, 37.7% and 11.8% respectively based on self-report method. Kappa value for two measurements was 0.04, indicating poor agreement between two methods. Results from regression model show that both the untreated caries (OR=2.47, P<0.01) and toothache (OR=3.54, P<0.01) were associated with self-reported oral health, while not observed in periodontal health (OR=1.34, P=0.18) and oral hygiene status(OR=0.95, P=0.75).@*Conclusion@#Self-reported oral health results can reflect caries status to some extents among children, but it failed to reflect other aspects, such as periodontal health status and oral hygiene. Self-reported oral health among children should be considered based on the requirements of assessment content and accuracy in the future work.
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Objective@#To find out the association between family factors and left-behind children’s dietary behaviors in rural China.@*Methods@#This cross-sectional study was implemented in four counties of medium economic level were selected in Guizhou and Anhui province and four primary schools were chosen in each county and in total 16 schools were involved. Three classes from grades 5 and 6 each were selected randomly from included primary schools; all students in these classes, as well as their caregivers, were invited to participate. Self-designed questionnaire was adopted to collect intake frequencies of vegetable, fruit, meat, egg, milk, drink and fast food. Scores were calculated to evaluate these behaviors frequencies and multi-linear regression was used to explore the association between family factors and behavioral scores.@*Results@#The proportion of fruit, eggs and milk intake more than 4 times once a week in left-behind children were 44.9%, 35.1%, and 28.5%, while they were 57.2%, 38.5%, and 38.1% in non-left-behind children. It was found that statistical significant differences existed between scores of dietary behaviors of leftbehind children’s and non-left-behind children(t=-5.83, P<0.01). The results of multi-linear regression demonstrated that family cohesion (β=0.07, P=0.05) and caregivers’ behaviors (β=0.49, P<0.01) were protective factors for left-behind children’s behaviors, while taking care by single left-behind fathers was a risk factor(β=-1.21, P=0.03).@*Conclusion@#Primary caregivers play a critical role in offering guidance to children to help them develop health behaviors.
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Objective To explore the effect of air pollution on children’s respiratory diseases in Tianjin, so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of diseases. Methods Conditional Logistic regression model of single pollutant and multiple pollutants was used to estimate the relationships between air pollutants concentration and children’s respiratory system diseases. Results Conditional Logistic regression model of single pollutant conditions showed that the excess risk (ER) effects and 95% CI of NO2, PM2.5, PM10 and CO appeared were 2.823%(2.581-3.065), 0.476%(0.382-0.569), 0.437%(0.368-0.506), 22.263%(15.449-29.478), respectively. Logistic regression analysis of multiple pollutants conditions showed that NO2 exposure had the greatest effect on children’s respiratory diseases in cold season, and the excess risk (ER) was 7.395%(6.595-8.202). Conclusion The elevated daily average concentration of NO2, PM10, PM2.5, and CO can increase the risk of children’s respiratory diseases.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-injury effect and protective mechanism of hydrogen-enriched water in a rat model of acute liver injury induced by aflatoxin B (AFB). Healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control group, model group (AFB group) and hydrogen-enriched water treatment group (AFB+H group). The rat model of acute liver injury induced by AFB was established by single intragastric administration of AFB (2.0 mg/kg), and then the rats were treated with hydrogen-enriched water intragastrically. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of liver tissue. Blood samples were taken from vena cava to measure serum liver function indexes. Live tissue was sampled to detect malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) contents. Western blot was used to detect phosphorylation levels of MAPK signaling pathway proteins (ERK, JNK and p38 MAPK). The results showed that, compared with the AFB group, the AFB+H group exhibited increased body weights, alleviated acute liver injury, decreased activities of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, as well as total bilirubin level in the serum. Meanwhile, hydrogen-enriched water decreased MDA content and increased GSH content in liver tissue. AFB-increased phosphorylation levels of ERK, JNK and p38 MAPK in liver tissue were down-regulated significantly by hydrogen-enriched water treatment. These results suggest that hydrogen-enriched water can alleviate liver injury induced by AFB, and its mechanism may be related to the reduction of oxidative stress and the inhibition of MAPK signal transduction pathway activation.
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Animals , Male , Rats , Aflatoxin B1 , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury , Pathology , Deuterium Oxide , Therapeutic Uses , Liver , Pathology , MAP Kinase Signaling System , Oxidative Stress , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the awareness of pubertal knowledge and its influencing factors among primary school students in Chinese rural areas, and to provide evidences for improving awareness level and popularizing scientific, reasonable, and suitable sex education.@*Methods@#Sixteen primary schools consisting of rural registered students in Guizhou and Anhui Province were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method, and a questionnaire survey for 2 506 senior students (grade five and six) was conducted to explore the awareness of pubertal knowledge and its influencing factors among primary school students in Chinese rural areas.@*Results@#The total awareness rate of pubertal knowledge was 62.7% among primary school students in Guizhou and Anhui rural areas, and the awareness rates were relatively low for the questions about the difference between male and female pubertal development and understanding of sexual attitude; female students, only-child students and grade six students got a bit better awareness of pubertal knowledge than male students, non-only-child students and grade five students respectively; grade[OR=0.72(0.61-0.86)], peer acceptance [OR=0.70(0.53-0.96)], family intimacy [OR=0.75(0.63-0.88)] had effect on awareness of pubertal knowledge.@*Conclusion@#The awareness of pubertal knowledge among primary school students in Guizhou and Anhui rural areas need further improvement, especially for male students, non-only-child students and grade five students in the questions about the difference between male and female pubertal development and understanding of sexual attitude. It is necessary to improve the awareness of pubertal knowledge by enhancing peer acceptance, promoting family intimacy, and popularizing scientific, reasonable, and suitable sex education.
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Objective To observe the changes of inflammatory factors after the hepatic cystic echinococcosis surgery and explore the intervention effect of ulinastatin on postoperative inflammatory factors. Methods Sixty patients with hepatic cystic echinococcosis were selected and randomly divided into a control group and ulinastatin intervention group according to whether or not use ulinastatin. The peripheral venous blood was extracted in all the patients and the levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, and IL-10 were detected by the ELISA method on the day before operation, 1 day, 3 days, 5 days and 7 days after operation, respectively. The data was statistical analyzed to detect the relationships between/among the inflammatory factors mentioned above and ulina-statin and time. Results The variation of the levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, and IL-10 were changed by the intervention of ulina-statin at different time. The differences of the levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, and IL-10 between the ulinastatin intervention group and the control group were not significant on the day before operation, 1 day and 3 days after operation (t = -1.15 to 1.82, all P > 0.05), but the levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, and IL-10 of the ulinastatin intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group and there were statistically significant differences 5 days and 7 days after the operation (t = 3.22 and 23.51, both P<0.05) . Conclusion Ulinastatin has a good effect in inhibiting the inflammatory factors and can protect and repair the postoperative hepatic injury as well in patients with hepatic cystic echinococcosis.
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Objective To evaluate the value of the three-dimensional visualization technology for the preoperative assessment of liver autotransplantation for end-stage hepatic alveolar echinococcosis. Methods A total of 8 patients with end-stage hepatic alveolar echinococcosis undergoing liver autotransplantation in Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital from May 2013 to July 2017 were collected. All cases received preoperative abdominal CT scanning and dynamic three-phase enhanced CT scanning, and the original CT data were transferred to the human 3D visualization virtual surgical planning system. The volumes of Echinococcus multilocularis and pre-resected liver were measured using the 3D visualization reconstruction, and the relationship between the lesion and the neighboring tissues was observed. The value of the 3D visualization technology for the preoperative assessment of liver autotransplantation for end-stage hepatic alveolar echinococcosis was assessed by comparing with the intraoperative findings. Results The 3D visualization reconstruction model clearly displayed the adjacent relationship between the lesions of end-stage hepatic alveolar echinococcosis and the neighboring tissues, and no significant difference was seen between the pre-resected liver volume in 3D visualization reconstruction model and the actually resected liver volume (t = 1.083, P > 0.05). Conclusions 3D visualization technology is feasible to develop a reasonable scheme for liver resection and vascular anastomosis for end-stage hepatic alveolar echinococcosis prior to liver autotransplantation, which may increase the success of surgery and improve the prognosis.
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<p><b>Objective</b>To study the protective effect of lipoic acid (LA) on the spermatogenic function of the male rats with oligoasthenozoospermia induced by ornidazole (ORN).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy male SD rats were equally randomized into groups A (solvent control: 1 ml 0.5% CMC-Na + 1 ml olive oil), B (low-dose ORN model: 400 mg/kg ORN suspension + 1 ml olive oil), C (low-dose ORN + low-dose LA treatment: 400 mg/kg ORN + 50 mg/kg LA), D (low-dose ORN + high-dose LA treatment: 400 mg/kg ORN + 100 mg/kg LA), E (high-dose ORN model: 800 mg/kg ORN suspension + 1 ml olive oil), F (high-dose ORN + low-dose LA treatment: 800 mg/kg ORN + 50 mg/kg LA), and G (high-dose ORN + high-dose LA treatment: 800 mg/kg ORN + 100 mg/kg LA), and treated respectively for 20 successive days. Then all the rats were sacrificed and the weights of the body, testis, epididymis and seminal vesicle obtained, followed by calculation of the organ index, determination of epididymal sperm concentration and motility, and observation of the histomorphological changes in the testis and epididymis by HE staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with group A, group E showed significantly decreased body weight (［117.67 ± 11.53］ vs ［88.11 ± 12.65］ g, P < 0.01) and indexes of the testis (［1.06 ± 0.12］ vs ［0.65 ± 0.13］ %, P < 0.01) and epididymis (［0.21 ± 0.03］ vs ［0.17 ± 0.01］ %, P < 0.01). In comparison with group E, group F exhibited remarkable increases in the epididymal index (［0.17 ± 0.01］ vs ［0.20 ± 0.02］ %, P < 0.01), and so did group G in the body weight (［88.11 ± 12.65］ vs ［102.70 ± 16.10］ g, P < 0.05) and the indexes of the testis (［0.65 ± 0.13］ vs ［0.95 ± 0.06］ %, P < 0.01) and epididymis (［0.17 ± 0.01］ vs ［0.19 ± 0.02］ %, P < 0.05), but no obvious difference was observed in the index of seminal vesicle among different groups. Compared with group A, group B manifested significant decreases in sperm motility (［74.12 ± 8.73］ vs ［40.25 ± 6.08］ %, P < 0.01), and so did group E in sperm count (［38.59 ± 6.40］ vs ［18.67 ± 4.59］ ×105/100 mg, P < 0.01) and sperm motility (［74.12 ± 8.73］ vs ［27.58 ± 8.43］ %, P < 0.01). Sperm motility was significantly lower in group B than in C and D (［40.25 ± 6.08］ vs ［58.13 ± 7.62］ and ［76.04 ± 8.44］%, P < 0.01), and so were sperm count and motility in group E than in F and G (［18.67 ± 4.59］ vs ［25.63 ± 9.66］ and ［29.92 ± 4.15］ ×105/100 mg, P < 0.05 and P < 0.01; ［27.58 ± 8.43］ vs ［36.56 ± 11.08］ and ［45.05 ± 9.59］ %, P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). There were no obvious changes in the histomorphology of the testis and epididymis in groups A, B, C and D. Compared with group A, group E showed necrotic and exfoliated spermatogenic cells with unclear layers and disorderly arrangement in the seminiferous tubules and remarkably reduced sperm count with lots of noncellular components in the epididymal cavity, while groups F and G exhibited increased sperm count in the seminiferous tubules and epididymis lumen, also with exfoliation, unclear layers and disorderly arrangement of spermatogenic cells, but significantly better than in group E.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>LA can reduce ORN-induced damage to the spermatogenetic function of rats, improve sperm quality, and protect the reproductive system.</p>
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Animals , Male , Rats , Antioxidants , Pharmacology , Asthenozoospermia , Drug Therapy , Body Weight , Epididymis , Oligospermia , Drug Therapy , Ornidazole , Random Allocation , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Seminal Vesicles , Seminiferous Tubules , Sperm Count , Sperm Motility , Spermatogenesis , Spermatozoa , Testis , Thioctic Acid , PharmacologyABSTRACT
<p><b>Objective</b>To explore Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) infection in the urogenital tract of infertile men and its influence on semen quality.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Semen samples were collected from 352 infertile males in the Center of Reproductive Medicine of Nanjing General Hospital from March to July 2015. MG infection was detected by real-time fluorescence simultaneous amplification and testing and semen analyses were conducted according to the WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen (5th Ed) on the semen pH value, semen volume, total sperm count, sperm concentration, total sperm motility, percentages of progressively motile sperm (PMS) and immotile sperm (IMS), and sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI). The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis by t-test and non-parametric test (Wilcoxon test).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MG infection was found in 3.4% (12/352) of the infertile patients. Compared with the MG-positive cases, the MG-negative ones showed a significantly higher semen volume (［2.85 ± 0.14］ vs ［3.84 ± 0.12］ ml, P = 0.008) and percentage of PMS (［15.86±1.72］ vs ［60.95 ± 5.63］ %, P = 0.032) but a lower DFI (［30.73 ±2.24］ vs ［20.71 ± 1.55］%, P = 0.014). However, no statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in the semen pH value (7.38 ±0.02 vs 7.39 ± 0.01, P = 0.774), sperm concentration (［52.96 ± 15.78］ vs ［60.05 ± 4.29］×10⁶/ml, P = 0.683), sperm count (［154.15 ± 46.37］ vs ［221.56 ± 15.43］×106, P = 0.236), total sperm motility (［29.04 ± 3.11］ vs ［33.52 ± 1.51］ %, P = 0.626), or percentage of IMS (［23.57 ± 0.99］ vs ［62.34 ± 1.69］ %, P = 0.691).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Urogenital MG infection is common in infertile males and potentially affects the semen quality, especially sperm vitality of the patient.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , DNA Fragmentation , Infertility, Male , Microbiology , Male Urogenital Diseases , Microbiology , Mycoplasma Infections , Mycoplasma genitalium , Semen , Semen Analysis , Sperm Count , Sperm Motility , Spermatozoa , PhysiologyABSTRACT
Objective To observe the changes of inflammatory factors after the hepatic cystic echinococcosis surgery and explore the intervention effect of ulinastatin on postoperative inflammatory factors. Methods Sixty patients with hepatic cystic echinococcosis were selected and randomly divided into a control group and ulinastatin intervention group according to whether or not use ulinastatin. The peripheral venous blood was extracted in all the patients and the levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, and IL-10 were detected by the ELISA method on the day before operation, 1 day, 3 days, 5 days and 7 days after operation, respectively. The data was statistical analyzed to detect the relationships between/among the inflammatory factors mentioned above and ulina-statin and time. Results The variation of the levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, and IL-10 were changed by the intervention of ulina-statin at different time. The differences of the levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, and IL-10 between the ulinastatin intervention group and the control group were not significant on the day before operation, 1 day and 3 days after operation (t = -1.15 to 1.82, all P > 0.05), but the levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, and IL-10 of the ulinastatin intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group and there were statistically significant differences 5 days and 7 days after the operation (t = 3.22 and 23.51, both P<0.05) . Conclusion Ulinastatin has a good effect in inhibiting the inflammatory factors and can protect and repair the postoperative hepatic injury as well in patients with hepatic cystic echinococcosis.
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Objective To evaluate the value of the three-dimensional visualization technology for the preoperative assessment of liver autotransplantation for end-stage hepatic alveolar echinococcosis. Methods A total of 8 patients with end-stage hepatic alveolar echinococcosis undergoing liver autotransplantation in Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital from May 2013 to July 2017 were collected. All cases received preoperative abdominal CT scanning and dynamic three-phase enhanced CT scanning, and the original CT data were transferred to the human 3D visualization virtual surgical planning system. The volumes of Echinococcus multilocularis and pre-resected liver were measured using the 3D visualization reconstruction, and the relationship between the lesion and the neighboring tissues was observed. The value of the 3D visualization technology for the preoperative assessment of liver autotransplantation for end-stage hepatic alveolar echinococcosis was assessed by comparing with the intraoperative findings. Results The 3D visualization reconstruction model clearly displayed the adjacent relationship between the lesions of end-stage hepatic alveolar echinococcosis and the neighboring tissues, and no significant difference was seen between the pre-resected liver volume in 3D visualization reconstruction model and the actually resected liver volume (t = 1.083, P > 0.05). Conclusions 3D visualization technology is feasible to develop a reasonable scheme for liver resection and vascular anastomosis for end-stage hepatic alveolar echinococcosis prior to liver autotransplantation, which may increase the success of surgery and improve the prognosis.
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BACKGROUND: With a clear distinction from traditional computed tomography (CT) imaging with information absorption, phase-contrast CT with synchronous radiation has implemented the microstructure imaging of soft tissues in organisms with an unprecedented imaging mechanism. OBJECTIVE: To explore the synchrotron radiation phase-contrast CT imaging technology in the bone regeneration imaging after bone grafting. METHODS: Four New Zealand white rabbits were used to make a metaphyseal defect model. Then, model rabbits were randomized into a group with calcium phosphate bone grafting and a group with Bio-Oss bone grafting in the defects. The specimens were imaged by the synchrotron radiation phase-contrast CT and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and sirius red 2 weeks after bone grafting. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Bio-Oss bone graft material group: Osteoid was observed not only around the graft material but also in the area far from the graft bone material as reticulate structure by the synchrotron radiation phase-contrast CT. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed a large amount of red osteoid tissues arranged as trabecular bone, and a large amount of osteoblasts with obvious osteogensis. Sirius red-stained pathological sections were largely stained yellow, and there were round or oval osteoblasts with strongly expressed type I collagen. (2) Calcium phosphate bone graft material group: There was no reticulate structure shown by the synchrotron radiation phase-contrast CT, and the creep of osteoid tissues was only around the bone graft. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed a large amount of red osteoid tissues, and sirius red-stained pathological sections were stained yellow and red. To conclude, the synchronous radiation phase-contrast CT can clearly display the regenerated structure of bone grafts.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the biomechanical properties of different suture methods, and to provide evidence for the clinical application of this suture methods in repairing acute Achilles tendon rupture
Methods: Twenty four fresh frozen cadaver Achilles tendon specimens were collected and randomly divided into three groups [n=8], Group-A Bunnell suture method, Group-B Bosworth suture and Group-C anchor suture respectively. 5 N tensions were applied to tighten the tendon. The actual length of the tendon between the upper and lower clips was measured with a ruler. The length of the long axis and the short axis of the three sections of the tendon was measured by vernier caliper. The cross sectional area of the tendon was calculated according to the elliptical area formula and the mean value was obtained
Results: There was no significant difference in the length and cross-sectional area of each tendon among three groups [F=0.26, P=0.86; F=0.09, P=0.96]. There was no significant difference in the maximum load of tendon and failure displacement in Group A and B [P>0.05]. The maximal load of Group-C was significantly larger than that of Group A and B [P<0.05], and there was no significant difference between the failure displacement and Group A and B [P>0.05]
Conclusion: Three suture methods can provide good biomechanical properties, but the anchor suture is more effective in solving the shortcomings of traditional methods. It is a safe and effective method, and is worthy of promotion